스티브 잡스 스탠퍼드대 졸업 축사 (저장용)

스티브 잡스 스탠퍼드대
졸업 축사

I
am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest
universities in the world. I never graduated from college. Truth be told, this
is the closest I've ever gotten to a college graduation.

먼저 세계 최고의 명문으로
꼽히는 이 곳에서 여러분들의 졸업식에 참석하게 된 것을 영광으로 생각합니다. 저는 대학을 졸업하지 못했습니다. 솔직히, 태어나서 대학교 졸업식을 이렇게 가까이서 보는 것은 처음이네요.

Today
I want to tell you three stories from my life. That's it. No big deal. Just
three stories. The first story is about connecting the dots.

오늘, 저는 여러분께 제가 살아오면서 겪었던 세 가지 이야기를 해볼까 합니다. 그게
답니다. 별로 대단한 이야기는 아니구요. 딱 세가지만요 먼저, 인생의 전환점에 관한 이야기입니다.

I
dropped out of Reed
College after the first 6
months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before
I really quit. So why did I drop out?

전 리드 칼리지에 입학한지 6개월만에 자퇴했습니다. 그래도 일년 반 정도는 도강을 듣다, 정말로 그만뒀습니다. 왜 자퇴했을까요?

She
felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything
was all set for me! It started before I was born. My biological mother was a
young, unwed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for
adoption. to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife.

그 것은 제가 태어나기 전까지
거슬러 올라갑니다. 제 생모는 대학원생인 젊은 미혼모였습니다. 그래서
저를 입양보내기로 결심했던 거지요. 그녀는 제 미래를 생각해, 대학
정도는 졸업한 교양있는 사람이 양부모가 되기를 원했습니다. 그래서 저는 태어나자마자 변호사 가정에 입양되기로
되어 있었습니다.

Except
that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted
a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of
the night asking: "We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?"

그들은 여자 아이를 원했던
걸로 알고 있습니다. 그들 대신 대기자 명단에 있던 양부모님들은 한 밤 중에 걸려온 전화를 받고 : "어떡하죠? 예정에 없던 사내아이가 태어났는데, 그래도 입양하실 건가요?"

They
said: "Of course."

"물론이죠"

My
biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from
college and that my father had never graduated from high school. She refused to
sign the final adoption papers.

그런데 알고보니 양어머니는
대졸자도 아니었고, 양아버지는 고등학교도 졸업못한 사람이어서 친어머니는 입양동의서 쓰기를 거부했습니다.

She
only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would someday
go to college. And 17 years later I did go to college.

친어머니는 양부모님들이 저를
꼭 대학까지 보내주겠다고 약속한 후 몇개월이 지나서야 화가 풀렸습니다. 17년후, 저는 대학에 입학했습니다.

But
I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of
my working-class parents' savings were being spent on my college tuition.

그러나 저는 멍청하게도 바로
이 곳, 스탠포드의 학비와 맞먹는 값비싼 학교를 선택했습니다. 평범한
노동자였던 부모님이 힘들게 모아뒀던 돈이 모두 제 학비로 들어갔습니다.

After
six months, I couldn't see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do
with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out.

결국 6개월 후, 저는 대학 공부가 그만한 가치가 없다는 생각을 했습니다. 내가 진정으로 인생에서 원하는 게 무엇인지, 그리고 대학교육이 그
것에 얼마나 어떻게 도움이 될지 판단할 수 없었습니다.

And
here I was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. So
I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK.

게다가 양부모님들이 평생토록
모은 재산이 전부 제 학비로 들어가고 있었습니다. 그래서 모든 것이 다 잘 될거라 믿고 자퇴를 결심했습니다.

It
was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions
I ever made. The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes
that didn't interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked
interesting.

당시에는 두려웠지만, 뒤돌아 보았을때 제 인생 최고의 결정 중 하나였던 것 같습니다. 자퇴한
순간, 흥미없던 필수과목들을 듣는 것은 그만두고 관심있는 강의만 들을 수 있었습니다.

It
wasn't all romantic. I didn't have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in
friends' rooms, I returned coke bottles for the 5￠ deposits to buy food with, and I
would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a
week at the Hare Krishna temple.

그렇다고 꼭 낭만적인 것만도
아니었습니다. 전 기숙사에 머물 수 없었기 때문에 친구 집 마룻바닥에 자기도 했고 한 병당 5센트씩하는 코카콜라 빈병을 팔아서 먹을 것을 사기도 했습니다. 또
매주 일요일, 단 한번이라도 제대로 된 음식을 먹기 위해 7마일이나
걸어서 하레 크리슈나 사원의 예배에 참석하기도 했습니다.

I
loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and
intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example:

맛있더군요. 당시 순전히 호기와 직감만을 믿고 저지른 일들이 후에 정말 값진 경험이 됐습니다. 예를 든다면

Reed College at that time offered
perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus
every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed.

그 당시 리드 칼리지는 아마
미국 최고의 서체 교육을 제공했던 것 같습니다. 학교 곳곳에 붙어있는 포스터, 서랍에 붙어있는 상표들은 너무 아름다웠구요.

Because
I had dropped out and didn't have to take the normal classes, I decided to take
a calligraphy class to learn how to do this.

어차피 자퇴한 상황이라, 정규 과목을 들을 필요가 없었기 때문에 서체에 대해서 배워보기로 마음먹고 서체 수업을 들었습니다.

I
learned about serif and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space
between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great.
It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can't
capture, and I found it fascinating.

그 때 저는 세리프와 산
세리프체를, 다른 글씨의 조합간의 그 여백의 다양함을, 무엇이
위대한 타이포그래피를 위대하게 만드는지를 배웠습니다. 그것은 '과학적'인 방식으로는 따라하기 힘든 아름답고, 유서깊고, 예술적으로 미묘한 것이었고, 전 매료되었습니다.

None
of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years
later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to
me.

이런 것들 중 어느 하나라도
제 인생에 실질적인 도움이 될 것 같지는 않았습니다. 그러나 10년
후 우리가 첫번째 매킨토시를 구상할 때, 그 것들은 고스란히 빛을 발했습니다.

And
we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful
typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac
would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. And
since Windows just copied the Mac, its likely that no personal computer would
have them.

우리가 설계한 매킨토시에
그 기능을 모두 집어넣었으니까요. 그것은 아름다운 서체를 가진 최초의 컴퓨터였습니다. 만약 제가 그 서체 수업을 듣지 않았다면 매킨토시의 복수서체 기능이나 자동 자간 맞춤 기능은 없었을 것이고
맥을 따라한 윈도우도 그런 기능이 없었을 것이고, 결국 개인용 컴퓨터에는 이런 기능이 탑재될 수 없었을
겁니다.

If
I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on this calligraphy
class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they
do.

만약 학교를 자퇴하지 않았다면, 서체 수업을 듣지 못했을 것이고 결국 개인용 컴퓨터가 오늘날처럼 뛰어난 글씨체들을 가질 수도 없었을 겁니다.

Of
course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college.

물론 제가 대학에 있을 때는
그 순간들이 내 인생의 전환점이라는 것을 알아챌 수 없었습니다.

But
it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later.

그러나 10년이 지난 지금에서야 모든 것이 분명하게 보입니다.

Again,
you can't connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking
backwards.

달리 말하자면, 지금 여러분은 미래를 알 수 없습니다 : 다만 현재와 과거의 사건들만을
연관시켜 볼 수 있을 뿐이죠.

So
you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future.

그러므로 여러분들은 현재의
순간들이 미래에 어떤식으로든지 연결된다는 걸 알아야만 합니다.

You
have to trust in something - your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever.

여러분들은 자신의 배짱, 운명, 인생, 카르마(업) 등 무엇이든지 간에 '그
무엇'에 믿음을 가져야만 합니다.

This
approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.

이런 믿음이 저를 실망시킨
적이 없습니다. 그리고 그것이 제 인생에서 남들과는 다른 모든 '차이'들을 만들어냈습니다.

My
second story is about love and loss.

두번째는 사랑과 상실입니다.

I
was lucky I found what I loved to do early in life.

저는 운 좋게도 인생에서
정말 하고싶은 일을 일찍 발견했습니다.

Woz
and I started Apple in my parents garage when I was 20.

제가 20살 때, 부모님의 차고에서 워즈(스티브
워즈니악)와 함께 애플의 역사가 시작됐습니다.

We
worked hard, and in 10 years Apple had grown from just the two of us in a
garage into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees.

우리는 열심히 일해서, 차고에서 2명으로 시작한 애플은
10년 후에 4000명의 종업원을 거느린 2백억달러짜리
기업이 되었습니다.

We
had just released our finest creation - the Macintosh - a year earlier, and I
had just turned 30. And then I got fired.

제 나이 29살, 우리는 최고의 작품인 매킨토시를 출시했습니다. 그러나 이듬해 저는 해고당했습니다.

How
can you get fired from a company you started?

내가 세운 회사에서 내가
해고 당하다니!

Well,
as Apple grew we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the
company with me,

당시, 애플이 점점 성장하면서, 저는 저와 함께 회사를 경영할 유능한 경영자를
데려와야겠다고 생각했습니다.

and
for the first year or so things went well.

처음 1년정도는 그런대로 잘 돌아갔습니다.

But
then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling
out.

그런데 언젠가부터 우리의
비전은 서로 어긋나기 시작했고, 결국 우리 둘의 사이도 어긋나기 시작했습니다.

When
we did, our Board of Directors sided with him. So at 30 I was out. And very
publicly out.

이 때, 우리 회사의 경영진들은 존 스컬리의 편을 들었고, 저는 30살에 쫓겨나야만 했습니다. 그 것도 아주 공공연하게.

What
had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating.

저는 인생의 촛점을 잃어버렸고, 뭐라 말할 수 없는 참담한 심정이었습니다.

I
really didn't know what to do for a few months.

전 정말 말 그대로, 몇 개월 동안 아무 것도 할 수가 없었답니다.

I
felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down - that I had
dropped the baton as it was being passed to me.

마치 달리기 계주에서 바톤을
놓친 선수처럼, 선배 벤처기업인들에게 송구스런 마음이 들었고

I
met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so
badly.

데이비드 패커드(HP의 공동 창업자)와 밥 노이스(인텔
공동 창업자)를 만나 이렇게 실패한 것에 대해 사과하려했습니다.

I
was a very public failure, and I even thought about running away from the
valley.

저는 완전히 '공공의 실패작'으로 전락했고, 실리콘
밸리에서 도망치고 싶었습니다.

But
something slowly began to dawn on me.

그러나 제 맘 속에는 뭔가가
천천히 다시 일어나기 시작했습니다.

I
still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one
bit.

전 여전히 제가 했던 일을
사랑했고, 애플에서 겪었던 일들조차도 그런 마음들을 꺾지 못했습니다.

I
had been rejected, but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over.

전 해고당했지만, 여전히 일에 대한 사랑은 식지 않았습니다. 그래서 전 다시 시작하기로
결심했습니다.

I
didn't see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the
best thing that could have ever happened to me.

당시에는 몰랐지만, 애플에서 해고당한 것은 제 인생 최고의 사건임을 깨닫게 됐습니다.

The
heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner
again, less sure about everything.

그 사건으로 인해 저는 성공이란
중압감에서 벗어나서 초심자의 마음으로 돌아가

It
freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.

자유를 만끽하며, 내 인생의 최고의 창의력을 발휘하는 시기로 갈 수 있게 됐습니다.

During
the next five years, I started a company named NeXT, another company named
Pixar,and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife.

이후 5년동안 저는 '넥스트', '픽사'를 만들고, 그리고 지금 제 아내가 되어준 그녀와 사랑에 빠져버렸습니다.

Pixar
went on to create the worlds first computer animated feature film, Toy Story,
and is now the most successful animation studio in the world.

픽사는 세계 최초의 3D 애니메이션 토이 스토리를 시작으로, 지금은 가장 성공한 애니메이션
제작사가 되었습니다.

In
a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT, I retuned to Apple, and the
technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apple's current renaissance.

세기의 사건으로 평가되는
애플의 넥스트 인수와 저의 애플로 복귀 후, 넥스트 시절 개발했던 기술들은 현재 애플의 르네상스의 중추적인
역할을 하고 있습니다.

And
Laurene and I have a wonderful family together.

또한 로렌과 저는 행복한
가정을 꾸리고 있습니다.

I'm
pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadn't been fired from Apple.

애플에서 해고당하지 않았다면, 이런 기쁜 일들중 어떤 한가지도 겪을 수도 없었을 것입니다

It
was awful tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it.

정말 독하고 쓰디 쓴 약이었지만, 이게 필요한 환자도 있는가봅니다.

Sometimes
life hits you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith.

때로 인생이 당신의 뒷통수를
때리더라도, 결코 믿음을 잃지 마십시오.

I'm
convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did.

전 반드시 인생에서 해야할, 제가 사랑하는 일이 있었기에, 반드시 이겨낸다고 확신했습니다.

You've
got to find what you love. And that is as true for your work as it is for your
lovers.

당신이 사랑하는 것을 찾아보세요. 사랑하는 사람이 내게 먼저 다가오지 않듯, 일도 그런 것이죠.

Your
work is going to fill a large part of your life,

'노동'은 인생의 대부분을 차지합니다.

and
the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work.

그런 거대한 시간 속에서
진정한 기쁨을 누릴 수 있는 방법은 스스로가 위대한 일을 한다고 자부하는 것입니다.

And
the only way to do great work is to love what you do.

자신의 일을 위대하다고 자부할
수 있을 때는, 사랑하는 일을 하고있는 그 순간 뿐입니다.

If
you haven't found it yet, keep looking. Don't settle. As with all matters of
the heart, you'll know when you find it.

지금도 찾지 못했거나, 잘 모르겠다해도 주저앉지 말고 포기하지 마세요. 전심을 다하면 반드시
찾을 수 있습니다.

And,
like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll
on.

일단 한 번 찾아낸다면, 서로 사랑하는 연인들처럼 시간이 가면 갈수록 더욱 더 깊어질 것입니다.

So
keep looking until you find it. Don't settle.

그러니 그 것들을 찾아낼
때까지 포기하지 마세요. 현실에 주저앉지 마세요

My
third story is about death.

세번째는 죽음에 관한 것입니다.

When
I was 17, I read a quote that went something like:

17살 때, 이런 경구를 읽은
적이 있습니다.

"If
you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be
right."

하루 하루를 인생의 마지막
날처럼 산다면, 언젠가는 바른 길에 서 있을 것이다

It
made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years! ,

이 글에 감명받은 저는 그
후 50살이 되도록

I
have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself:

매일아침 거울을 보면서 자신에게
묻곤 했습니다.

"If
today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do
today?"

오늘이 내 인생의 마지막
날이라면, 지금 하려고 하는 일을 할 것인가?

And
whenever the answer has been "No" for too many days in a row, I know
I need to change something.

아니오!라는 답이 계속 나온다면, 다른 것을 해야한다는 걸 깨달았습니다.

Remembering
that I'll be dead soon is the most important tool I've ever encountered to help
me make the big choices in life.

인생의 중요한 순간마다 '곧 죽을지도 모른다'는 사실을 명심하는 것이 저에게는 가장 중요한
도구가 됩니다.

Because
almost everything ?

왜냐구요?

all
external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure -

외부의 기대, 각종 자부심과 자만심. 수치스러움와 실패에 대한 두려움들은

these
things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly
important.

'죽음' 을 직면해서는 모두
떨어져나가고, 오직 진실로 중요한 것들 만이 남기 때문입니다.

Remembering
that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking
you have something to lose.

죽음을 생각하는 것은 무엇을
잃을지도 모른다는 두려움에서 벗어나는 최고의 길입니다.

You
are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart.

여러분들이 지금 모두 잃어버린
상태라면, 더이상 잃을 것도 없기에 본능에 충실할 수 밖에 없습니다.

About
a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer.

저는 1년 전쯤 암진단을 받았습니다.

I
had a scan at 7:30
in the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas.

아침 7시 반에 검사를 받았는데, 이미
췌장에 종양이 있었습니다.

I
didn't even know what a pancreas was.

그전까지는 췌장이란 게 뭔지도
몰랐는데요.

The
doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable,
and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six months.

의사들은 길어야 3개월에서 6개월이라고 말했습니다.

My
doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctor's
code for prepare to die.

주치의는 집으로 돌아가 신변정리를
하라고 했습니다. 죽음을 준비하라는 뜻이었죠.

It
means to try to tell your kids everything you thought you'd have the next 10
years to tell them in just a few months.

그 것은 내 아이들에게 10년동안 해줄수 있는 것을 단 몇달안에 다 해치워야된단 말이었고

It
means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as
possible for your family.

임종 시에 사람들이 받을
충격이 덜하도록 매사를 정리하란 말이었고

It
means to say your goodbyes.

작별인사를 준비하라는 말이었습니다.

I
lived with that diagnosis all day.

전 불치병 판정을 받았습니다.

Later
that evening I had a biopsy, where they stuck an endoscope down my throat,
through my stomach and into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and
got a few cells from the tumor.

그 날 저녁 위장을 지나
장까지 내시경을 넣어서 암세포를 채취해 조직검사를 받았습니다.

I
was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the
cells under a microscope

저는 마취상태였는데, 후에 아내가 말해주길, 현미경으로 세포를 분석한 결과

the
doctors started crying because it turned out to be a very rare form of
pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery.

치료가 가능한 아주 희귀한
췌장암으로써, 의사들까지도 기뻐서 눈물을 글썽였다고 합니다.

I
had the surgery and I'm fine now.

저는 수술을 받았고, 지금은 괜찮습니다.

This
was the closest I've been to facing death, and I hope its the closest I get for
a few more decades.

그 때만큼 제가 죽음에 가까이
가 본 적은 없는 것 같습니다. 또한 앞으로도 수십년간은 그렇게 가까이 가고 싶지 않습니다^^

Having
lived through it, I can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when
death was a useful but purely intellectual concept:

이런 경험을 해보니, '죽음'이 때론 유용하단 것을 머리로만 알고 있을 때보다 더 정확하게
말할 수 있습니다.

No
one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven don't want to die to get
there.

아무도 죽길 원하지 않습니다. 천국에 가고싶다는 사람들조차도 그곳에 가기위해 죽고 싶어하지는 않죠.

And
yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it.

그리고 여전히 죽음은 우리모두의
숙명입니다. 아무도 피할 수 없죠.

And
that is as it should be, because Death is very likely the single best invention
of Life.

그리고 그래야만 합니다. 왜냐하면 삶이 만든 최고의 발명이 '죽음'이니까요.

It
is Life's change agent. It clears out the old to make way for the new.

죽음은 '인생들'을 변화시킵니다. 죽음은
새로운 것이 헌 것을 대체할 수 있도록 만들어줍니다.

Right
now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually
become the old and be cleared away.

지금의 여러분들은 그 중에 '새로움'이란 자리에 서 있습니다.
그러나 언젠가 머지 않은때에 여러분들도 새로운 세대들에게 그 자리를 물려줘야할 것입니다.

Sorry
to be so dramatic, but it is quite true.

너무 극적으로 들렸다면 죄송하지만, 사실이 그렇습니다.

Your
time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life.

여러분들의 삶은 제한되어
있습니다. 그러니 낭비하지 마십쇼.

Don't
be trapped by dogma - which is living with the results of other people's
thinking.

도그마- 다른 사람들의 생각-에 얽매이지 마십쇼

Don't
let the noise of other's opinions drown out your own inner voice.

타인의 소리들이 여러분들
내면의 진정한 목소리를 방해하지 못하게 하세요

And
most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition.

그리고 가장 중요한 것은
마음과 영감을 따르는 용기를 가지는 것입니다.

They
somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is
secondary.

이미 마음과 영감은 당신이
진짜로 무엇을 원하는지 알고 있습니다. 나머지 것들은 부차적인 것이죠.

When
I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog,
which was one of the bibles of my generation.

제가 어릴 때, 제 나이 또래라면 다 알만한 '지구 백과'란 책이 있었습니다.

It
was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he
brought it to life with his poetic touch.

여기서 그리 멀지 않은 먼로
파크에 사는 스튜어트 브랜드란 사람이 쓴 책인데, 자신의 모든 걸 불어넣은 책이었지요.

This
was in the late 1960's, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it
was all made with typewriters, scissors, and polaroid cameras.

PC나 전자출판이 존재하기 전인 1960년대
후반이었기 때문에, 타자기, 가위, 폴라노이드로 그 책을 만들었습니다.

It
was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along:

35년 전의 책으로 된 구글이라고나 할까요.

it
was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions.

그 책은 위대한 의지와 아주
간단한 도구만으로 만들어진 역작이었습니다.

Stewart
and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when
it had run its course, they put out a final issue.

스튜어트와 친구들은 몇 번의
개정판을 내놓았고, 수명이 다할 때쯤엔 최종판을 내놓았습니다.

It
was the mid-1970s, and I was your age.

그 때가 70년대 중반, 제가 여러분 나이 때였죠.

On
the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning
country road,

최종판의 뒤쪽 표지에는 이른
아침 시골길 사진이 있었는데,

the
kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous.

아마 모험을 좋아하는 사람이라면
히치하이킹을 하고싶다는 생각이 들정도였지요.

Beneath
it were the words: "Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish."

그 사진 밑에는 이런 말이
있었습니다 : 배고픔과 함께, 미련함과 함께

It
was their farewell message as they signed off. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.

배고픔과 함께, 미련함과 함께. 그 것이 그들의 마지막 작별인사였습니다.

And
I have always wished that for myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I
wish that for you.

저는 이제 새로운 시작을
앞둔 여러분들이 여러분의 분야에서 이런 방법으로 가길 원합니다.

Stay
Hungry. Stay Foolish.

배고픔과 함께. 미련함과 함께

Thank
you all very much.

감사합니다.

(This
is the text of the Commencement address by Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple Computer
and of Pixar Animation Studios, delivered on June 12, 2005.)

This is the text of the
Commencement address by Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple Computer and of Pixar
Animation Studios, delivered on June 12, 2005.

I am honored to be with you today at
your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. I never
graduated from college. Truth be told, this is the closest I've ever gotten to
a college graduation. Today I want to tell you three stories from my life.
That's it. No big deal. Just three stories.



The first story is about connecting the dots.



I dropped out of Reed
College after the first 6
months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before
I really quit. So why did I drop out?



It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed college
graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very
strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all
set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. Except that when I
popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So
my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night
asking: "We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?" They said:
"Of course." My biological mother later found out that my mother had
never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high
school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few
months later when my parents promised that I would someday go to college.



And 17 years later I did go to college. But I naively chose a college that was
almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents' savings
were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn't see the
value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how
college was going to help me figure it out. And here I was spending all of the
money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and
trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but
looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped
out I could stop taking the required classes that didn't interest me, and begin
dropping in on the ones that looked interesting.



It wasn't all romantic. I didn't have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in
friends' rooms, I returned coke bottles for the 5¢ deposits to buy food with,
and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good
meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled
into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later
on. Let me give you one example:



Reed College at that time offered perhaps the
best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every
poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. Because
I had dropped out and didn't have to take the normal classes, I decided to take
a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and san
serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter
combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful,
historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can't capture, and I
found it fascinating.



None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten
years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came
back to me. And we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with
beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in
college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally
spaced fonts. And since Windows just copied the Mac, its likely that no
personal computer would have them. If I had never dropped out, I would have
never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not
have the wonderful typography that they do. Of course it was impossible to
connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very
clear looking backwards ten years later.



Again, you can't connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them
looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in
your future. You have to trust in something - your gut, destiny, life, karma,
whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the
difference in my life.



My second story is about love and loss.



I was lucky Ð I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple
in my parents garage when I was 20. We worked hard, and in 10 years Apple had
grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over
4000 employees. We had just released our finest creation - the Macintosh - a
year earlier, and I had just turned 30. And then I got fired. How can you get
fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew we hired someone who I
thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or
so things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge and
eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our Board of Directors sided with
him. So at 30 I was out. And very publicly out. What had been the focus of my
entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating.



I really didn't know what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the
previous generation of entrepreneurs down - that I had dropped the baton as it
was being passed to me. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to
apologize for screwing up so badly. I was a very public failure, and I even
thought about running away from the valley. But something slowly began to dawn
on me Ð I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed
that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love. And so I decided to
start over.



I didn't see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the
best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being
successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure
about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my
life.



During the next five years, I started a company named NeXT, another company
named Pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife.
Pixar went on to create the worlds first computer animated feature film, Toy
Story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. In a
remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT, I retuned to Apple, and the
technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apple's current renaissance.
And Laurene and I have a wonderful family together.



I'm pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadn't been fired from
Apple. It was awful tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it.
Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith. I'm
convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did.
You've got to find what you love. And that is as true for your work as it is
for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the
only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the
only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet,
keep looking. Don't settle. As with all matters of the heart, you'll know when
you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better
as the years roll on. So keep looking until you find it. Don't settle.



My third story is about death.



When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: "If you live each
day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right." It
made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked
in the mirror every morning and asked myself: "If today were the last day
of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?" And whenever
the answer has been "No" for too many days in a row, I know I need to
change something.



Remembering that I'll be dead soon is the most important tool I've ever
encountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost everything
Ð all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure -
these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly
important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to
avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked.
There is no reason not to follow your heart.



About a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer. I had a scan at 7:30 in the morning,
and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. I didn't even know what a
pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer
that is incurable, and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six
months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is
doctor's code for prepare to die. It means to try to tell your kids everything
you thought you'd have the next 10 years to tell them in just a few months. It
means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible
for your family. It means to say your goodbyes.



I lived with that diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy, where
they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach and into my
intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. I
was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the
cells under a microscope the doctors started crying because it turned out to be
a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. I had the
surgery and I'm fine now.



This was the closest I've been to facing death, and I hope its the closest I
get for a few more decades. Having lived through it, I can now say this to you
with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual
concept:



No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven don't want to die to
get there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever
escaped it. And that is as it should be, because Death is very likely the
single best invention of Life. It is Life's change agent. It clears out the old
to make way for the new. Right now the new is you, but someday not too long
from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to be so
dramatic, but it is quite true.



Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't be
trapped by dogma - which is living with the results of other people's thinking.
Don't let the noise of other's opinions drown out your own inner voice. And
most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They
somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is
secondary.



When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth
Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a
fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with
his poetic touch. This was in the late 1960's, before personal computers and
desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and polaroid
cameras. It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google
came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great
notions.



Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and
then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the
mid-1970s, and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a
photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself
hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it were the words:
"Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish." It was their farewell message as they
signed off. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for
myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you.



Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.



Thank you all very much.

http://www.wiredatom.com/jobs_stanford_speech/